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The Type 99 rifle or Type 99 short rifle (九九式短小銃, Kyūkyū-shiki tan-shōjū) was a bolt-action rifle of the Arisaka design used by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War in the 1930s, the Japanese soon found that the 7.7mm cartridge being fired by their Type 92 heavy machine gun in China was superior to the 6.5×50mm cartridge of the Type 38 rifle.

This necessitated the development of a new weapon to replace the outclassed Type 38, and finally standardize on a single rifle cartridge.

The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) developed the Type 99 based on the Type 38 rifle but with a caliber of 7.7mm. The Type 99 was produced at nine different arsenals. Seven arsenals were located in Japan, with the other two located at Mukden in Manchukuo and Jinsen in Korea.

The Type 99 was produced in four versions, the regular issue Type 99 short rifle, the Type 99 long rifle (a limited production variant), the take-down Type 2 paratroop rifle, and the Type 99 sniper rifle.

The standard rifle also came with a wire monopod and an anti-aircraft sighting device. The Type 99 was the first mass-produced infantry rifle to have a chrome lined bore to ease cleaning. All of these features were abandoned by mid-war.

The initial production rifle of the Type 99. Made only by Nagoya Arsenal and Toyo Kogyo under Kokura Arsenal supervision. Only about 38,000 were produced, 8,000 at Nagoya and 30,000 at Toyo Kogyo between summer of 1940 and spring of 1941 when production was switched to the much more common new Type 99 short rifle of which millions were made.

The long rifle was found to be more cumbersome than the short rifle, and provided only marginally better performance. Thus, it was sidelined in favor of the short rifle, which was much more practical, required less resources to produce, proving more than satisfactory. The long Rifle (this example is a rarer item and keenly sought after by collectors)

Like the early Type 99 short rifles, these Long rifles were made with a monopod, anti-aircraft lead arms on the rear sight and a dust cover.

Henri Rosier’s patents 1907, were used to produce The Jieffeco and Melior. The Melior resembles a Browning 1899 and 1900.  The identical pistols could be marked either Jieffeco and Melior.

The Melior was produced in two calibres 7.65 (32acp) and 7.35 (25acp). There were 4 models with differences in sights, grip, slide and proofmarks. This is model no 2. The pistol was produced by the Robar and DeKerkhove, in Liege, Belgium. from 1921. The company going into receivership in 1957

The breech block incorporates the firing pin, firing pin spring, cocking indicator, and extractor.

breech block is held in the slide by a dovetailed transverse locking piece fixed to the slide by a spring-loaded lever which also serves as the rear sight. Grip Safety

The Bayard 1908 is a semi-automatic pistol that patented and designed by Belgian Bernard Clarus in 1907 as a short-range self-defense handgun. The Bayard 1908 was sold on the civilian market, chambered in .25 ACP, .32 ACP, and .380 ACP. The Belgian factory Anciens Etablissements Pieper produced it from 1908 until the late 1930s. Smith and Wesson engineers reintroduced the design of the Bayard 1908 in their Model 61 pistol, which ran in production from 1970-1973.

The Model 1908 was first available in 7.65mm and .380 (9mm) Bayard Pocket Pistol.

Henri Pieper was a prolific arms manufacturer in Belgium He held 69 Patents for firearms and other inventions. The Pieper line went of to become part of FN Herstal

Bayard (June 9, 1892); Eagle Gun Works, E.Leroy, Modified Diana, P crowned, H.Pieper, Diane, The Leader, Bayard Arms C°, Pieper Arms C°, Premier Arms C°, Damascus Compound, National Arms C°, Henry Arms C°, Royal Gun Works, Le Rationnel (January 4, 1894); Pieper Top Bolt, Schutz Marke, E-K, Eclipse Company, Metropole, Pieper' S Compressed Steel, Monarch Arms C° (of 1894 to 1898)

Register to the proof house of Liège : 1877 - 1898.

Arms produced during the German occupation held the German Eagle proof in place of the Belgian marks. Pieper produced 2 variations with only minute differences

In the course of time Pieper will be enabled, it is declared, also to handle large military rifle orders

Harrington & Richardson is an Historic American gun maker from 1876 until 1986 when purchased by Marlin, then Remington and Now Vista.

The company made 100’s of low cost arms for the American Market. Including Single-shot, pump-action, and semi-auto shotguns, Single-shot rifles, Muzzle-loading rifles, Revolvers, Single-shot target pistols

HR also manufactured arms for the military market including the M16 and M1.

Premier Model.32 S&W 5-shots revolver is a top break style. Small frame double action revolver, with "PREMIER" or "H.&R. PREMIER" marked on the left side of the barrel. Introduced in 1895 and discontinued in 1941. The Premier models can be visually distinguished from the Automatic Ejecting models by the addition of long horizontal cylinder stop notches The premier was patented in 1895. Over a period of 6 years 9 variations were patented

This type of weapon was largely seen in the early 1900's in the big cities, and was much appreciated among travellers, dealers, gamblers, guards, prostitutes and thugs of all kind. Their modest price ensured a large diffusion.

The grip logo is known as the "macho" logos and distinct to the premier

Obvious and

Hopkins & Allen Manufacturing Co. of Norwich, Connecticut, was a major manufacturer of rifles, shotguns, and inexpensive cartridge handguns between 1868 and 1915. Hopkins & Allen purchased the assets of the Bacon Manufacturing Company when that firm ceased operations in 1868, a victim of declining government arms purchases after the end of the Civil War. Bacon employees Colonel Charles A. Converse and Samuel S. Hopkins, charged with carrying out the sale of their company, found that the post-war recession made the sale of the firm as difficult as it had been to find buyers for Bacon firearms. Instead, they recruited Horace A. Briggs, Bacon Manufacturing's owner, as well as Samuel Hopkins' brother Charles, and Charles H. Allen as business partners.

Hopkins & Allen manufactured a variety of spur trigger single-action revolvers in .22, .32, and .38 calibers with trade names such as ACME, American Eagle, Blue Jacket, Captain Jack, Chichester, Defender, Dictator, Imperial Arms Co., Monarch, Mountain Eagle, Ranger, Tower's Police Safety, Universal, and XL, and later hinged-frame double-action models.[8]Hopkins & Allen manufactured revolvers for Forehand & Wadsworth under contract as well as shotguns, rifles, and derringers for various sporting goods stores.

Hopkins and Allen went into bankruptcy in 1898 but reorganised as Hopkins and Allen Co in 1902 until final bankruptcy 1915.

Hopkins and Allen manufactured arms for other companies inc Forehand & Wadsworth

The company is part of a success of line of Arms manufactures in the USA Marlin-Rockwellpurchasing inventory and equipment after the bankruptcy. Marlin eventually being absorbed by Remington, Freedom arms and now Vista outdoors.

The CZ 75 is a semi-automatic pistol made by Czechfirearm manufacturer ČZUB. First introduced in 1975, it is one of the original "wonder nines" and features a staggered-column magazine, all-steel construction, and a hammer forgedbarrel. It is widely distributed throughout the world and is the most common handgun in the Czech Republic.

The CZ 75 is a short recoil operated, locked breech pistol. It uses the Browning linkless cam locking system similar to that used in the Browning Hi-Power pistol, where the barrel and slide are locked together on firing, using locking lugs milled into the barrel mating with recesses in the roof of the slide. An enclosed cam track integral with the barrel is actuated by the slide release lever's transverse pin. After the first few millimetres of the recoil stroke, the barrel is cammed downwards at the rear, enabling the slide to continue the recoil stroke and eject the spent cartridge,

The CZ 75 is considered one of the one of the first Wonder Nine handguns Referring to the Calibre 9mm.  most models have double-action/single action triggers and feature a frame-mounted manual safety. This allows the CZ 75 to be carried with the hammer cocked with safety applied and a round chambered, ready for use simply by switching the safety off, a configuration known.

Wonder Nine refers to any semi-automatic pistol that is chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum and has a staggered column magazine, as well as a double-action trigger for at least the first shot.

The pistol uses a unique design with internal slide groves.

The Cz 75 was so successful multiple Variations were produced.

CZ 75 Compact

A standard CZ 75 with a slightly shortened grip and 3.75-inch barrel. The original versions is all steel action. First produced 1993

The CZ has been used around the world by Police and Military. CZ 75 was used by Qld Police Tactical Response Group in 1985. (now sert)

The Colt M1878 is a double-action revolver that was manufactured by Colt's Manufacturing Company from 1878 until 1905 (some research suggests 1907).

It is often referred to as the "Frontier" or the "Double Action Army" revolver. A total of 51,210 Model 1878 revolvers were manufactured, including 4,600 for the US Ordnance Department. These are known as the "Philippine" or "Alaskan" models.[1]

Total production 51 000

The design of the Model 1878 was based on the Model 1877, which in turn was based heavily on the design of the earlier Colt Single Action Army revolver. A strut is added to connect the trigger movement to the hammer. The top of the trigger slips beyond the strut so that the hammer will stay in full cock if it is pulled back manually.

The 1878, was essentially the first heavy frame revolver specifically designed for larger calibres such as the 45 colt and 44-40.  The designed was submitted for testing to the US army however it was rejected. The design has the significant birds head grip, long barrel.

During 1885 Canada purchased 1001 Colt M1878’s in 45 Caliber, with 7-1/2” barrels, nickel plated, and rubber grips. Many of these revolvers are found with “M D” stamped on the left front of frame, along with an issue number on right hand side.

The mechanics were significantly different as there were no cylinder stops to prevent over rotation of the cylinder. Thew company retained the traditional gate feed and eject system.

Firearm

The Nambu pistols were used by the Japanese forces. Several models were designed and designated letter or number codes.

The type A had failing which lead to the type B. Both the pistol itself, and the round it fired, are smaller than the other Nambu pistols, leading to the name "Baby" Nambu.

The gun was designed by Major Kijiro Nambu.

Type B Nambu were produced at the Tokyo Artillery Arsenal. The first 450 models have the bottom part of the magazine made of wood, and only one diameter firing pin, but later Type Bs have the magazine made from aluminium, and incorporate a multiple diameter firing pin.

The Type B Nambu was never adopted officially by any Japanese armed forces. Imperial Japanese Army officers paid for pistols with their own salaries, but the Type B Nambu was unable to achieve market success as it was twice the price of a comparable imported pistol.

After the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, Koishikawa arsenal stopped producing new parts for Type B Nambu, but continued to assemble ones with existing parts until 1929 . These were stamped with a different arsenal mark TG&E

Production was limited 6500

The Seriel number 3035 suggests early production. Sn is also inscribed on the grips

Cartridge

The 7×20mm Nambu is a rimless, bottleneck handgun cartridge designed in Japan for use in the Type B or "Baby" model Nambu pistol.[1] The cartridge similar to the 8x22 nambu round. It was only designed for use in the baby Nambu pistol. Produced 1903 – 1945 The cartridge is considered obsolete

Belgian gun made in Belgium by artisan craftsman, 

Handgun made in Belgium in the period known as the Golden Years

L. F. it gives Fabry Lambert place Licour, 628 in Herstal, which deposits 4 patents of invention from 1888 to 1895.

Iver Johnson was an American firearms, bicycle, and motorcycle manufacturer from 1871 to 1993. The company shared the same name as its founder, Norwegian-born Iver Johnson (1841–1895).

The company's name changed again to Iver Johnson's Arms & Cycle Works in 1891, when the company relocated to Fitchburg, Massachusetts, (sometimes incorrectly referred to as "Fitzburg") in order to have better and larger manufacturing facilities. The company attracted a number of talented immigrant machinists and designers to its ranks, including O.F. Mossbergand Andrew Fyrberg, who would go on to invent the company's top-latching strap mechanism and the Hammer-the-Hammer transfer bar safety system used on the company's popular line of top-break safety revolvers.

Ely Whitney was an American inventor. Famous for the Cotton Gin and Firearms. Whitney produced arms for Samual Colt and many others. Whitney was on the of inventors who recognised that interchanged parts would lead to mass production. The Cotton Gin was one of the Key inventions that lead to the end of the Civil war.

Whitney Arms Company was formed from the Whitney Armory (Whitneyville Armory) after its incorporation in June, 1863 and began firearms production in 1798. Eli Whitney Sr. & Eli Whitney Jr. were prominent figures and prolific producers in the arms manufacturing world for a great many years, and their production plant in New Haven is credited as being the first major manufacturer of commercial firearms in America. The Whitneys produced a tremendous variety of firearms under family ownership for approximately 90 years before selling the company to Winchester in 1888. Numerous longarms, starting with the Whitney 1798 U.S. Contract Musket, and moving forward through various other flintlock, percussion, rimfire, and centerfire rifles, handguns, and shotguns, contributed to the vast broadness of the Whitney line.

Factory Engraved Whitney Model No. 1 Revolver, made circa the 1870s in New Haven, Connecticut. Around 3,500 of these revolvers are estimated to have been manufactured Eli Whitney Jr.’s Whitneyville Armory in the 1870s. This example is a standard No. 1 revolver with a short fluted cylinder. Mother of Pearl grips

Engraved by Louis Daniel Nimschke who was a master engraver of the period.

Unlike most engravers of the 19th century who worked directly for firearms manufacturers, Nimschke maintained his own shop in New York City and took work on a contractual basis. His main client was New York outfitter Schuyler, Hartley and Graham. When a special custom order that required utmost detail needed to be filled the firearms companies would commission Nimschke for the work.

Ninschke engraved firearms for Theodore Roosevelt, George Armstrong Custer, Maria Christina of Austria, Buffalo Bill, Ben Thompson, and Napoleon III, Emperor of France. Nimschke's work is on display at many museums throughout the world including the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Many engravers emulated his style, which has become known today as "Nimschke School" or "New York Style" of engraving.[7]

Henri Rosier’s patents 1907, were used to produce The Jieffeco and Melior. The Melior resembles a Browning 1899 and 1900.  The identical pistols could be marked either Jieffeco and Melior.

The Melior was produced in two calibres 7.65 (32acp) and 7.35 (25acp). There were 4 models with differences in sights, grip, slide and proofmarks. This is model no 2. The pistol was produced by the Robar and DeKerkhove, in Liege, Belgium. from 1921. The company going into receivership in 1957

The breech block incorporates the firing pin, firing pin spring, cocking indicator, and extractor.

breech block is held in the slide by a dovetailed transverse locking piece fixed to the slide by a spring-loaded lever which also serves as the rear sight. Grip Safety

Melior history dates back to the 1880’s wit patents being registed around the world by Robar & Companie, Belgium. Improvenments in designs to existing patents are still used in modern handguns

Inclusion of Grip safety